论文部分内容阅读
为了评价番茄早疫病菌Alternaria solani对啶酰菌胺的抗性风险,采用菌丝直径法和孢子萌发法探讨番茄早疫病菌抗啶酰菌胺菌株的适合度变化和生物学性状差异。结果表明:番茄早疫病菌对啶酰菌胺的抗性可稳定遗传;与敏感菌株相比,抗性菌株的菌丝生长减慢,产孢量明显增多,病斑直径达8.5 mm以上,致病力显著增强,产毒量也有增加的趋势,但孢子萌发率无显著差异;啶酰菌胺对抗性菌株的防效显著下降为64.17%~33.49%;抗性菌株的最适p H范围变宽为5~9;中抗菌株的最适温度(25℃)、最佳碳源(淀粉和乳糖)和氮源(蛋白胨)没发生变化,但高抗和极高抗菌株的最适温度范围变宽为25~30℃,最适碳、氮源发生了变化。其中,高抗菌株的最适碳、氮源分别为乳糖和大豆粉;极高抗菌株的最适碳源为淀粉,最适氮源为玉米粉和蛋白胨。表明番茄早疫病菌对啶酰菌胺产生抗性后,较易存活而形成优势群体,因此需采取一定措施延缓抗性的发展、延长啶酰菌胺的使用期限。
In order to evaluate the resistance of Alternaria solani to boscalid, the adaptability and biological characteristics of the isobaccatin resistant strains of Alternaria solani were investigated by mycelial diameter and spore germination. The results showed that the resistant resistance of A. solani to boscalid could be inherited steadily. Compared with the susceptible strain, the mycelial growth of the resistant strain was slowed down and the sporulation of the resistant strain was significantly increased. The diameter of the lesion reached more than 8.5 mm. The pathogenicity was significantly increased and the toxin production also increased. However, the spore germination rate showed no significant difference. The control effect of boscalid resistant strains decreased significantly from 64.17% to 33.49%. The optimum p H range of resistant strains was changed The optimal temperature range (25 ℃), optimum carbon source (starch and lactose) and nitrogen source (peptone) of medium antibacterial strain did not change, but the optimal temperature range of high resistance and very high antibacterial strain Widening 25 ~ 30 ℃, the optimum carbon, nitrogen source has changed. Among them, the best carbon and nitrogen sources of high antibacterial strains were lactose and soybean powder respectively. The most suitable carbon source of high antibacterial strain was starch, and the most suitable nitrogen source was corn flour and peptone. It shows that the resistance of P. alternatus to boscalid is more resistant to boscalid than that of boscalid, so it is necessary to take certain measures to delay the development of resistance and prolong the duration of boscalid.