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目的:观察不同浓度高渗盐水在诱导排痰中的应用效果。方法:选取广东医学院附属中山市陈星海医院2013年1月至2014年5月收治的135例支气管哮喘符合无痰和少痰需作诱导排痰患者,按临床随机数表法分为1组、2组、3组、4组、5组,分别采用3%、5%、6%、7%、8%浓度高渗盐水对5组患者实施诱导排痰。结果:1组、2组、3组、4组、5组患者的诱导排痰成功率分别为88.9%、92.6%、92.6%、96.3%、96.3%,组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。5组患者咳出的痰量、痰细胞数量、鳞状上皮细胞比例,比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。1组、2组患者雾化吸入过程中的血氧饱和度(SPO_2)、一秒钟用力呼气量(FEV1)与诱导排痰前比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),3组、4组、5组患者、SPO_2、FEV1与导前比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:3%、5%、6%、7%、8%浓度高渗盐水均能够发挥良好的诱导排痰效果,5%浓度的高渗盐水诱导排痰在哮喘患者的成功率和安全性更高。
Objective: To observe the effect of different concentrations of hypertonic saline on induction of expectoration. Methods: A total of 135 bronchial asthma patients who did not expect sputum and less sputum were admitted to Chen Xinghai Hospital of Zhongshan Medical College affiliated to Guangdong Medical College from January 2013 to May 2014 were divided into 1 group , 2 groups, 3 groups, 4 groups and 5 groups. Induction and expectoration were performed in 5 groups with 3%, 5%, 6%, 7% and 8% hypertonic saline respectively. Results: The success rates of induction and expectoration of group 1, group 2, group 3, group 4 and group 5 were 88.9%, 92.6%, 92.6%, 96.3% and 96.3%, respectively, with no significant difference between groups > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the amount of sputum, the number of sputum cells and the proportion of squamous epithelium in the five groups (P> 0.05). The oxygen saturation (SPO_2), forced expiratory volume per second (FEV1) in group 1 and group 2 were not significantly different from those before induction of phlegm (P> 0.05), 3 There were statistically significant differences between SPO_2 and FEV1 in group, 4 groups and 5 groups (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Hypertonic saline with 3%, 5%, 6%, 7%, and 8% concentration can exert good inducing and expectoration effect. The success rate and safety of induced sputum with 5% high.