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目的对柳州市2012—2016年肺结核流行病学特征进行分析,为肺结核防控提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对柳州市2012—2016年报告肺结核病例进行分析。计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果柳州市2012—2016年累计报告肺结核病例15 659例,年平均报告发病率为82.86/10万,发病总体保持一定水平。地区分布以四城区发病率最高,为107.13/10万,融水县发病率最低,为54.25/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ2=925.069,P<0.05)。男性发病率为60.65/10万,女性发病率为22.21/10万,男女性别比例为2.73:1。病例职业以农民为主,占55.71%,年龄以25~55岁青壮年为主,共报告10 439例,占病例总数的66.67%。结论柳州市肺结核发病保持一定水平,地区报告发病数及发病率差异较大,并以青壮年和农民为主,今后应调整重点人群和地区的结核病防治策略。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Liuzhou from 2012 to 2016 and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the reported cases of tuberculosis in Liuzhou city in 2012-2016. Count data using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results A total of 15 659 cases of tuberculosis cases were reported in Liuzhou City from 2012 to 2016, with an average annual incidence of 82.86 / 100 000. The overall incidence remained at a certain level. The highest incidence in the four districts was 107.13 / 100,000, and the lowest incidence in Rongshui County was 54.25 / 100000 with a statistically significant difference (χ2 = 925.069, P <0.05). The incidence of males was 60.65 / 100000, the incidence of females was 22.21 / 100000, the male-female ratio was 2.73: 1. The majority of cases were farmers, accounting for 55.71% of all cases. The majority of young adults aged 25-55 reported a total of 10,439 cases, accounting for 66.67% of the total cases. Conclusion The incidence of tuberculosis in Liuzhou City maintains a certain level. The incidence and incidence of tuberculosis in the area are quite different. Most of them are young adults and peasants. In the future, the prevention and control strategies for tuberculosis in key populations and regions should be adjusted.