目的了解康定县雅拉乡1～59岁人群乙型病毒性肝炎病毒(HBV)感染状况,为乙肝防治提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法抽取康定县雅拉乡312名1～59岁人群进行问卷调查和血清学检测,利用ELISA方法检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg),乙肝病毒表面抗体(Anti-HBs),乙肝病毒e抗原(HBeAg)和乙肝病毒e抗体(Anti-HBe),乙肝病毒核心抗体(Anti-HBc),检测。结果康定县雅拉乡1～59岁人群乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg),乙肝病毒表面抗体(Anti-HBs),乙肝病毒核心抗原(HBcAg)经标化后阳性率分别为2.10%、21.65%和15.65%;男、女性人群HBcAg阳性率分别为4.27%、0;HBsAg阳性人群中,乙肝病毒e抗原阳性率为1.92%。结论康定县雅拉乡1～59岁人群HBsAg阳性率明显下降,提示提高乙肝疫苗的接种率是降低人群HBsAg阳性率的关健措施。 Objective To understand the status of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in people aged 1 ~ 59 years in Yala Township, Kangding County, so as to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B. Methods Three hundred and seventy-one 59-year-olds in Yala Township, Kangding County were sampled by multi-stage stratified random sampling method to carry out questionnaires and serological tests. The HBsAg, HBs, HBeAg and Anti-HBe, Anti-HBc. Results The positive rates of HBsAg, Anti-HBs and HBcAg were 1.10%, 21.65%, respectively in 1 ~ 59 years old population in Yala Township, Kangding County, 15.65%. The positive rate of HBcAg in male and female was 4.27%, respectively. The positive rate of hepatitis B e antigen in HBsAg positive population was 1.92%. Conclusion The positive rate of HBsAg in the population of 1-59 years old in Yala Township, Kangding County was significantly decreased, suggesting that increasing the vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine is a key measure to reduce the positive rate of HBsAg in the population.