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哈尔滨金河湾湿地植物园具有水位不稳定的漫滩特征,不同标高下木本植物生长状况存在差异。该研究以竣工图标高为依据,将全园划分为3个区域,以20m×20m样方为调查单元,采集其植物种类、生长状况等,比较2011年与2016年植物种类及空间构成差异,研究了湿地漫滩生境不同标高下对木本植物的适宜种类选择的影响,以期为今后木本植物的合理配置提供科学参考。结果表明:2016年现阶段园内木本植物种类共29种,分属11科,其中乔木16种,灌木13种。水生境下(标高115.17~116.00m),只有灌木柳、旱柳存活,长势较好;阶段性水陆生境(标高116.00~119.49m),除杨柳科其它植物生长状况较差,与2011年竣工图相比,种类消失率高达52.4%,木本植物存活率排序:灌木柳(88.7%)>旱柳(80.3%)>银中杨(78.5%)>家榆(76.3%)>白桦(72.8%),均在该标高下对当地的环境有较好的适应能力。不受水淹胁迫,陆地生境下(标高为119.49~125.68m),木本植物存活率排序为旱柳(97.6%)>银中杨(93.5%)>家榆(90.7%)>胡桃楸(89.6%)>榆叶梅(88.5%),均在该标高下对当地的环境有较好的适应能力。
Harbin Golden Bay Wetland Botanical Garden has an unstable floodplain characteristics, under different elevation of the growth of woody plants there are differences. The study was based on the completion of the icon height, the whole garden is divided into three regions, 20m × 20m quadrats as the unit of investigation, the collection of plant species, growth status, compare 2011 and 2016 plant species and spatial composition differences, The effects of different elevation of wetland habitat on the appropriate species selection of woody plants were studied in order to provide a scientific reference for the rational allocation of woody plants in the future. The results showed that in the current stage of 2016, there are 29 species of woody plants in the garden, belonging to 11 families, including 16 species of trees and 13 shrubs. In the aquatic environment (elevation 115.17-116.00m), only shrubs and willows survived and grew well. In the stepwise terrestrial and aquatic habitats (elevation 116.00-119.49m), except for the growth of other plants in the poplar family, The species disappearance rate was as high as 52.4%, and the survival rate of woody plants was ranked as follows: shrub (88.7%)> Salix (80.3%)> Populus euphratica (78.5%)> Elm (76.3% ), Under the elevation of the local environment has a better ability to adapt. Under the stress of waterlogging, the survival rate of woody plants was ranked as salinity (97.6%) under the terrestrial habitat (elevation of 119.49-125.68 m)> Populus euphratica (93.5%)> Elm (90.7%)> 89.6%)> Prunus triloba (88.5%), all with good adaptability to the local environment at the elevation.