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自20世纪80年代中期出现国家创新系统概念之后,日本就不断调整和完善其国家创新系统。动态的国家创新系统在提高护理产业竞争力及企业创新能力方面发挥着重要作用,护理产业已成为日本新经济增长动力。日本护理保险制度作为制度创新的典型案例,为护理产业的发展奠定了基础。厚生劳动省直接管辖的社团法人老龄产业振兴会主导了各地老龄产业的创新发展。在护理发产业展过程中,政府及立法机构、财政金融部门、教育培训机构及行业组织等行为主体间通过制度安排构建具有自组织机制的网络发挥了积极作用。可以说,日本护理产业从兴起到规模化发展离不开厚生劳动省、护理产业组织、护理企业共同支撑的国家创新系统。
Since the emergence of the concept of a national innovation system in the mid-1980s, Japan has continuously adjusted and improved its national innovation system. The dynamic national innovation system plays an important role in enhancing the competitiveness of the nursing industry and the ability of enterprises to innovate. The nursing industry has become the driving force for Japan’s new economic growth. As a typical case of institutional innovation, Japan’s nursing insurance system has laid the foundation for the development of the nursing industry. Japan’s Ministry of Health, Welfare and Labor directly under the jurisdiction of the Association for the Aging Industry revitalization will dominate the innovation and development of the aging industry. In the process of nursing exhibition, a network of self-organization mechanism was established through institutional arrangements among government and legislative bodies, financial and financial departments, education and training institutions and industry organizations. It can be said that the Japanese nursing industry can not be separated from the national innovation system jointly supported by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, the nursing industry organizations and the nursing enterprises from its rise to its large-scale development.