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司法批复制度是我国司法解释制度的重要组成部分,其功能特性体现在:个案性、被动性、事先性、及时性和效力普遍性。从司法批复制度正式确立到当下,司法批复的数量呈现出一种曲折递减的趋势,这种递减不仅是绝对数量上的减少,而且是在整个司法解释数量中所占比重的降低,这种变化体现出司法批复功能的衰落。在制度竞争逻辑下,司法批复的衰落源自于制度功能竞争下自身功能特性的弱化和丧失。狭义司法解释制度对司法批复制度造成双重逼迫,答复制度对司法批复制度形成持续侵蚀,而案例指导制度对司法批复制度形成功能替代。制度竞争逻辑也决定了司法批复制度的未来。
Judicial approval system is an important part of judicial interpretation system in our country. Its functional characteristics are as follows: case, passive, prior, timeliness and validity. From the formal establishment of the judicial approval system to the moment, the number of judicial replies shows a declining tendency. This declining amount is not only an absolute decrease but also a decrease in the proportion of the entire judicial interpretation. This change Reflects the decline of judicial approval function. Under the logic of system competition, the decline of judicial approval stems from the weakening and loss of its own functional features under the competition of institutional functions. The system of judicial interpretation has double persecution system. The system of reply has a continuous erosion of the system of judicial approval, and the system of case guidance forms a functional alternative to the system of judicial approval. The logic of system competition also determines the future of judicial approval system.