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二战后,国外主战坦克大体上已经发展了三代。到90年代初,其部队装备的坦克主要是第三代主战坦克,如美国的M1A1、法国的“勒克莱尔”(Leclerc)、英国的“挑战者”(Challenger)2、德国的“豹”(Leopard)2、前苏联的T80以及日本的90式。这些坦克的主要特点是进一步增强火力、机动性和装甲防护能力。随着反坦克武器威胁的不断增长,坦克在未来战场上的生存问题已成为各国普遍关注的焦点,也是摆在各坦克研制国面前的一个严峻课题。
After World War II, foreign main battle tanks have generally been developed for three generations. By the early 1990s, the tanks of its troops were mainly third-generation main battle tanks such as the M1A1 in the United States, Leclerc in France, Challenger 2 in the United Kingdom, the Leopard in Germany, (Leopard) 2, the former Soviet Union’s T80 and Japan’s 90-style. The main characteristics of these tanks is to further enhance the firepower, mobility and armor protection. With the increasing threat of anti-tank weapons, the survival of the tank on the battlefield in the future has become the focus of attention of all countries. It is also a serious issue placed before the development of various tanks.