获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS爱滋病)是以细胞介导的免疫功能严重障碍为特征,使过去身体健康者发生机会性感染(Opportunistic infecfions)或发生不寻常的肿瘤,如Kaposi氏肉瘤。本病绝大多数见于同性恋者,但也见于某些静脉药物应用者(麻醉药滥用者——译者注),海地人(Haitians),血友病患者和某些婴儿。本文作者从1980年1月至1983年1月共观察160例患者符合上述标准,其中50例发生神经系统合并症。20例作了尸检,其中16例尸检可得出特异的神经病理学诊断。未作尸检者其活检、培养、细胞学或血清学所见可作出病因诊断。神经系统合并症如下: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is characterized by a serious disorder of cell-mediated immune function that causes opportunistic infecfions or unusual tumors such as Kaposi’s sarcoma in the past. The vast majority of the disease occurs in homosexuals, but also in some intravenous drug users, Haitians, hemophiliacs and some infants. The authors observed from January 1980 to January 1983 160 patients met the above criteria, of which 50 cases of nervous system complications. Twenty patients underwent an autopsy, of which 16 were autopsy-specific for neuropathological diagnosis. No autopsy who biopsy, culture, cytology or serological findings can make etiological diagnosis. Neurological complications are as follows: