本文的目的在于评价各种矫治器部件的改进,强调把美国固定矫治器同欧洲活动矫治器的原理结合起来,为正畸病人提供最佳治疗方法。生物工程新技术由于Andreus、Lindpuist 和Roth 等人对正畸的早期贡献,为后来的正畸工作者开辟了向前发展的道路。人们认识到多带环弓丝的困难性,因而“直丝”(Straight-wire)概念就成了发展的趋势。转矩(torpue),牙轴 The purpose of this article is to evaluate improvements in various components of the appliance and to emphasize combining the principles of a US fixed appliance with those of a European appliance to provide the best possible treatment for orthodontic patients. New bioengineering technology Thanks to the early contributions of orthodontics to Andreus, Lindpuist, and Roth, pioneering orthodontists have been opened up. People recognize the difficulty of multi-band arch wire, so the “Straight-wire” concept has become a trend. Torpue, tooth shaft