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文章探讨企业的国内地理位置对出口到不同目的国出口强度的影响,利用广义线性模型(GLM)研究企业空间布局对其产品出口到邻近国家和遥远国家影响的差异性。研究发现:企业与海港之间的距离对出口到遥远国家的出口强度具有显著正向影响,但是对出口到邻近国家无显著影响。企业与城市中心的距离对企业出口到邻近和遥远国家的出口强度具有显著负向影响。目的国的收入高低对企业出口到邻近和遥远国家的出口强度具有显著影响,但方向相反。目的国所在地区产生的区域效应对中国企业的出口强度影响不同,亚洲和非洲对中国企业出口强度影响显著为正;但是,欧洲、北美洲和大洋洲对中国企业出口强度影响显著为负。纯出口企业对内部地理的依赖性更强,且更有可能布局在距离港口较近的地区。
This paper discusses the influence of the domestic geographical location of enterprises on the export intensity of exports to different destination countries, and uses the generalized linear model (GLM) to study the differences of the impact of the enterprise spatial distribution on the export of its products to neighboring countries and remote countries. The study found that: the distance between enterprises and seaports has a significant positive impact on the export intensity of exports to distant countries, but no significant impact on exports to neighboring countries. The distance between an enterprise and an urban center has a significant negative impact on the export intensity of enterprises’ exports to neighboring and distant countries. The level of income of the country of destination has a significant impact on the export intensity of enterprises exported to neighboring and remote countries, but in the opposite direction. The regional effects of the destination country have different effects on the export intensity of Chinese enterprises. Asia and Africa have significantly positive impact on the export intensity of Chinese enterprises. However, the export impact on Chinese enterprises in Europe, North America and Oceania is significantly negative. Pure exporters are more dependent on internal geography and are more likely to be located in areas closer to the port.