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对南海海区的风速和有效波高的时空分布特征进行了研究分析。结果表明,南海海区风速和有效波高在空间分布上两者基本相似,且风速的分布明显反映出各种天气系统的影响。风速和有效波高在该海区分布的基本趋势:夏季受西南季风的影响呈现出南部大,北部小,其它季节为由南向北增强的分布,而10°N,110°E附近海区各季都有一较为稳定的高值区,其范围大小和中心位置随季节略有变动。风速和有效波高的数学统计特征也表现出两者基本一致的特点,平均风速和有效波高均在冬季最大。对比表明,高度计遥感海面风速和有效波高同以往局部海面依常规观测方法已取得的结论基本吻合,但由高度计观测获得的季平均有效波高值比常规观测值略大。
The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of wind speed and effective wave height in the South China Sea are studied and analyzed. The results show that both the wind speed and effective wave height in the South China Sea are similar in spatial distribution, and the distribution of wind speed obviously reflects the influence of various weather systems. The basic trend of the distribution of wind speed and effective wave height in the sea area is as follows: the summer is affected by the southwest monsoon showing a large southern part and a small northern part, while the other seasons are enhanced from south to north. In the seasons around 10 ° N and 110 ° E, There is a relatively stable high value area, its size and central location vary slightly with the seasons. The mathematical statistic characteristics of wind speed and effective wave height also showed basically the same characteristics of both, the average wind speed and effective wave height are the largest in winter. The comparison shows that the altimeter surface sea surface wind speed and effective wave height agree well with the conventional oceanographic observation methods. However, the seasonal mean effective wave height obtained from the altimeter observation is slightly larger than the conventional observation.