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1 胎动的生理1.1 胎动的形成过程Birnholz 等用超声观察到早在妊娠第7周,胎儿即有散在的痉挛性肢体活动.孕12～16周出现连续的头、躯干、四肢的移位.孕20周以后胎动表现为四肢伸展及头部伸屈,躯干移位、旋转,或单独的肢体活动.孕28周后,随着孕龄的增长,胎动由弱变强,由多交少,每次胎动时间由短变长,单独的肢体活动变为躯干和四肢的复合运动.Sadovsky 观察到妊娠18周左右母亲开始感觉到胎动,以后逐渐增多,于孕29～38周达高峰.孕38周后,由于胎儿成熟,胎动逐步协调,羊水量减少,胎儿活动又逐渐减少.1.2 胎动的类型及节律
1 Fetal physiology 1.1 The formation of fetal movement Birnholz et al observed with ultrasound as early as the seventh week of pregnancy, the fetus has spasmodic spasmodic limb activity in pregnancy 12 to 16 weeks of continuous head, trunk, limb displacement. After 20 weeks of fetal movement showed limb extension and head flexion, torso shift, rotation, or separate physical activity.After 28 weeks of gestation, with the increase of gestational age, fetal movement from weak to strong, from more to pay less, each Fetal movement time from short to long, the individual physical activity into the torso and limbs of the compound exercise.Sadovsky observed around 18 weeks of pregnancy, mothers began to feel fetal movement, and gradually increased after the peak of 29 to 38 weeks of pregnancy.38 weeks pregnant After the fetus due to maturity, fetal movement gradually coordinated, reduced amniotic fluid, fetal activity and gradually reduced.1.2 types of fetal movement and rhythm