论文部分内容阅读
目的对儿童电烧伤的临床特点和过去33年间儿童电烧伤的变化进行分析。方法将1969- 08-2001-07收治的291例儿童电烧伤进行统计学分析,并根据时间段将患者分为3组进行比较。结果33年间共收治儿童电烧伤患者291例,男243例,女48例;男:女=5．1:1;平均年龄为(7．1±3．12)岁(6月至12岁)。6-9岁电烧伤发生率最高,占32．6％(95／291)。受伤人数以每年的6、7、8三个月为多,占全年收治数的48．11％(140／291)。烧伤总面积(0．5-70．0)％TBSA,平均(5．532±9．144)％。伤及手部和／或上肢者265例(91．07％)。行手术治疗者216例(74．2％),平均(1．63±0．88)次／例。截肢(指)98例(33．68％),其中肢体丧失44例(15．1％),手指丧失54例(18．6％)。伤残185例(63．6％),死亡2例(0．7％)。住院(1-179)d,平均(27．4±22．44)d。近11年收治小儿电烧伤163例,占33年间总收治数的56％。高压电烧伤比例由1969- 1979年的65．6％下降至1991-2001年的25．2％,截肢(指)率由59．4％下降至26．9％,伤残率由81．3％下降至55．2％。结论①小儿电击伤多发于6-9岁的男孩,近11年来有明显增多的趋势,应加强农村儿童的安全教育;②由于转移皮瓣的广泛应用,截肢(指)率有所下降,但伤残率仍较高,如何进一步降低小儿电烧伤的发生率和伤残率仍然是一个难题。
Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of children with electric burn and the changes of children’s electric burns in the past 33 years. Methods The electric burn of 291 children admitted from 1969 to 08-2001-07 was statistically analyzed. The patients were divided into three groups according to the time period. Results A total of 291 children were enrolled in this study. Among them, 243 were male and 48 were female, with a mean age of (7.1 ± 3.12) years (ranged from 6 to 12 years) . The highest incidence of electric burn occurred in 6-9 years old, accounting for 32.6% (95/291). The number of injuries was more in 6, 7 and 8 months per year, accounting for 48.11% (140/291) of the total number admitted in the year. Total burn area (0.5-70.0)% TBSA, mean (5.532 ± 9.144)%. 265 cases (91.07%) injured the hands and / or upper extremities. Surgical treatment of 216 cases (74.2%), an average of (1.63 ± 0.88) times / case. There were 98 cases (33.68%) of amputations, of which 44 cases (15.1%) lost limbs and 54 cases (18.6%) lost fingers. 185 cases were disabled (63.6%) and 2 died (0.7%). Hospitalization (1-179) d, mean (27.4 ± 22.44) d. Nearly 11 years admitted pediatric electric burn in 163 cases, accounting for 56% of the total number of 33 years. The proportion of high-voltage electric burns dropped from 65.6% in 1969-1979 to 25.2% in 1991-2001. The rate of amputation decreased from 59.4% to 26.9%, and the disability rate was 81%. 3% to 55.2%. Conclusion ① The number of children with electric shock injury in boys aged 6-9 years has a tendency of obvious increase in the past 11 years. Safety education of rural children should be strengthened. ② The amputation rate has been reduced due to the extensive application of metastatic flaps. The disability rate is still high, how to further reduce the incidence of pediatric electric burn and disability rate is still a problem.