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鉴于中国人的体形特点和竞技游泳运动人口的不足,游泳运动员的选材工作在整个运动员培养过程中显得极其重要,探索和开发更有效、更准确的量化评估系统,优化简化游泳运动员选材工作,为今后我国的游泳运动员选材工作带来新的启示。以目前用于游泳运动员选材工作定性和定量的选材指标,采用专家咨询法、层次分析法和数理分析法,运用模糊数学原理建立游泳运动员的模糊评估体系并进行实际评估应用。结论表明:迷糊评价主要探究一种针对游泳运动员进行科学选材的量化方法,基于模糊数学原理将多因素的模糊选材评价转化为量化、可比较的确切数据,并且保证评价结果的科学客观性和可操作性。能较好评价游泳运动选材中模糊性的指标,并将评估结果量化。模糊评价结果的客观性取决于3个方面:构建指标体系的合理性、确定各项指标权重的科学性以及评价主体对评价对象的熟悉程度和评价主体的对游泳选材的认识程度。
In view of the physical characteristics of Chinese people and the shortage of athletic swimmers, the selection of swimmers plays an important role in the training of athletes. It is necessary to explore and develop a more effective and accurate quantitative assessment system to optimize and simplify the selection of swimmers. In the future, the selection of our country’s swimmers bring new inspiration. Based on the qualitative and quantitative material selection indicators currently used in the selection of swimmers, the method of expert consultation, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and mathematical analysis are used to establish the fuzzy evaluation system of swimmers based on the theory of fuzzy mathematics. The conclusion shows that the fuzzy evaluation mainly explores a quantitative method for scientific selection of swimming athletes. Based on the principle of fuzzy mathematics, the multi-factor fuzzy material selection evaluation is transformed into quantitative and comparable exact data, and the scientific objectivity of the evaluation results can be guaranteed Operability. Can better evaluate the ambiguity in the selection of swimming sports indicators, and quantify the assessment results. The objectivity of the fuzzy evaluation results depends on three aspects: the rationality of building the index system, the scientificity of determining the weight of each index, the familiarity of the evaluation subject with the evaluation object and the knowledge of the subject’s swimming selection.