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本文着重考察了美国商业言论(主要是广告)宪法地位的演变。全文一共分四个部分,文章首先阐述了美国最高法院区分言论类型的理论基础与实际考量。然后重点分析了商业言论宪法地位演变的三个阶段,并且分析了最高法院裁决商业言论诉讼案所依赖的逻辑基础。第三本分阐述了最高法院界定商业言论所面临的问题以及处理混合型言论的困境。本文最后简要陈述了美国最高法院对商业言论调控对我国的启示。文章认为,我国亟待构建符合中国国情的商业言论规制理论,更需要探索出一套行之有效的调控商业言论的具体办法。
This article examines the evolution of the constitutional status of commercial speech (mainly advertising) in the United States. The full text is divided into four parts altogether, the article first elaborates the theoretical basis and practical considerations that the Supreme Court of the United States differentiates the type of speech. Then it analyzes the three stages of evolution of constitutional status of commercial speech, and analyzes the logical basis on which Supreme Court adjudicates the commercial speech lawsuit. The third part elaborates on the problems faced by the Supreme Court in defining commercial speech and on the plight of mixed rhetoric. This article concludes with a brief statement of the revelation the U.S. Supreme Court has brought to our country on the regulation of commercial speech. The article believes that China urgently needs to construct a theory of commercial speech regulation in line with China’s national conditions and more needs to explore a concrete set of effective measures for regulating commercial speech.