高中物理课本(甲种本)光的衍射一节中介绍了衍射光栅。书中说:“常用的透射光栅是在玻璃片上刻有许多等宽而又等间距的平行刻痕,其中刻痕是不透光的部分。”这句话对不知道光栅刻划过程的学生来说是不太好理解的。光栅有两种。一种叫透射光栅,它是先将光学玻璃加工成光学平面(叫光栅毛坯)然后把它直接装在光栅刻划机上刻划。在光栅刻划机上,光栅毛坯作间歇进给运动,每次移动一个刻线间距。而用金刚石做成的刻刀在垂直于光栅毛坯的进给方向上作往复刻划和抬刀、落刀运动。这样最终在光栅毛坯这个透明媒质上刻有了许多等宽而又等间距的平行刻痕(也称为刻槽)。这些刻痕 Diffraction gratings are described in the diffraction of light in high school physics textbooks (Class A). The book said: “The commonly used transmission grating is engraved on the glass sheet with a number of equal width and parallel pitch nicks, where the scotch is the opaque part.” This sentence do not know the rasterization process students Is not very good to understand. There are two types of grating. One is called transmission grating, which is the first optical glass processing into optical plane (called raster rough) and then mounted directly on the grating scoring machine engraved. On the raster scribing machine, the raster blank is fed intermittently, one for each tracing distance. The graver made of diamond is used to carry out reciprocating scoring and lifting knives in the direction perpendicular to the feeding direction of the raster blank. This ultimately results in a number of equally spaced but equally spaced nicks (also called grooves) in the transparent medium of the raster blank. These nicks