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高土石坝的建设周期、工程造价等问题都与施工机械化程度有着密切关系。要提高施工机械化的水平,必须把传统工艺中人力施工部分用机械施工来代替。否则,使用先进施工机械的容量再大,数量再多,也不能充分发挥施工机械的效率,总工期仍会受人力施工的环节所束缚。本文根据坝高大于100米的碧口、石头河与菲尔泽土石坝的施工实践,着重论述:高土石坝防渗体与两岸接合部采用重型机械施工;基础混凝土以上第一层土材采用气胎碾直接碾压;防渗体、反滤料与坝壳的“犬牙交错”平起填筑。坝壳料用震动碾震压:用综合铺料法填筑:分区分段接合部的施工以及抛填块石护坡等一套机械化筑坝技术。施工实践证明,上述筑坝技术,可充分发挥机械效率,提高工程质量,加快填筑速度,降低成本,为今后高土石坝工程全面实现机械化施工奠定了基础。
The construction period of high earth and rock dam, project cost and other issues are closely related with the degree of construction mechanization. To improve the level of mechanization of construction, the human construction part of traditional crafts must be replaced by mechanical construction. Otherwise, the capacity of using advanced construction machines will be larger and the quantity will be larger, and the efficiency of construction machinery will not be fully utilized. The total construction period will still be constrained by manpower construction. According to the construction practices of Bikou, Shitouhe and Felzer earth-rock dams with a height of more than 100m, the dissertation emphasizes on the construction practice of the earth-rock dam embankment and the cross-strait joint with heavy machinery construction. The first layer above foundation concrete Air tire grind directly rolling; Anti-seepage body, filter material and the dam shell “staggered” flat fill. Dam shell material with vibration crushing: fill with a comprehensive method of laying: partition sub-joint construction and throwing block stone revetment and a mechanized dam technology. The construction practice proves that the above damming technology can give full play to the mechanical efficiency, improve the project quality, accelerate the filling speed and reduce the cost, which lays the foundation for the mechanized construction of high earth and rock dam project in the future.