目的　探讨儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征 (OSAS)的治疗方法。方法　对 6 0例OSAS患儿进行多导睡眠图 (PSG)监测 ,均行扁桃体摘除和 (或 )增殖体刮除术 ,术后 3个月对其中 4 0例患儿进行治疗效果评价。结果　经手术治疗后 ,患儿最长呼吸暂停时间由 (6 5 2± 5 1 2 )s降至 (16 4± 8 2 )s ,呼吸紊乱指数由 9 6± 9 0降至 1 2± 2 6 ,最低氧饱和度由 (74 4± 15 2 ) %提高到 (89 3± 8 1) % ,P值均 <0 0 1,临床症状明显改善。结论　扁桃体和 (或 )增殖体肥大是引起儿童OSAS最主要的病因 ,而扁桃体摘除和 (或 )增殖体刮除术是治疗儿童OSAS最有效的手段 Objective To investigate the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in children. Methods Sixty OSAS children underwent polysomnography (PSG) monitoring. All cases underwent tonsillectomy and / or proliferation curettage. The therapeutic effect was evaluated in 40 of them at 3 months after operation. Results After operation, the longest apnea time of children decreased from (652 ± 512) s to (164 ± 82) s, and the index of respiratory disorder decreased from 96 ± 90 to 122 ± 2 6, the lowest oxygen saturation increased from (74 4 ± 15 2)% to (89 3 ± 8 1)%, both P 0 01, the clinical symptoms improved significantly. Conclusions Tonsils and / or proliferative hypertrophy are the most common causes of OSAS in children, and tonsillectomy and / or proliferative body scaling are the most effective means of treating children with OSAS