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在影响翻译这一跨文化活动的诸多因素中,赞助人具有不可忽视的作用,尤其对翻译活动的第一步——翻译选材具有决定性影响。本文以明末清初科技翻译活动为例,探讨赞助人对翻译选材的影响,指出明末清初科技翻译活动中由各方势力组成的赞助人的意识形态要求是影响当时翻译选材的最主要因素;与此同时,在经济和政治地位上,这些赞助人对符合他们各自意识形态的翻译选材给予了不同形式的资助,而对不符合他们意识形态的翻译选材和翻译活动则采取消极甚至抵制的态度。
Among the many factors influencing translational intercultural activities, patrons have a significant role to play, especially for the translation process, the first step in translation. Taking the translation of science and technology in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties as an example, this paper explores the influence of patrons on the selection of translators, and points out that the ideological requirements of patrons who are composed of various forces in the translation of science and technology during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties are the most important At the same time, in the economic and political status, these patrons have given different forms of subsidy for the translation of material that meets their respective ideologies while they have even negated or even resisted the translation of material and translations that do not conform to their ideology Attitude.