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目的:探讨感染所致肾移植术后吻合口假性动脉瘤的临床表现、治疗及预后。方法:回顾性分析一例因铜绿假单胞菌感染致肾移植术后假性动脉瘤受者的临床资料，并进行文献复习。结果:受者于肾移植术后2个月出现右下腹疼痛，超声造影检查示动脉吻合口处有一假性动脉瘤，在行抗感染和抗排斥治疗无明显效果后予以手术探查治疗，术中发现移植肾动脉吻合口处有一个4.0 cm×3.5 cm的假性动脉瘤。评估无保留价值后，行移植肾及假性动脉瘤切除术，瘤壁菌培养提示铜绿假单胞菌感染。术后受者恢复良好，等待二次移植。结论:移植肾假性动脉瘤是肾移植术后十分罕见的并发症，由铜绿假单胞菌感染所致则更为罕见，在中国大陆地区少见文献报道。该类受者具有移植物高失活率和受者死亡率高的特点，及时予以手术切除治疗能有效防止病情恶化。“,”Objective:To explorethe the clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of anastomotic pseudoaneurysm after renal transplantation caused by infection.Methods:Clinical data of 1 recipient with pseudoaneurysm after renal transplantation due to n Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection were retrospectively analysed and combined with a literature review.n Results:At Month 2 post-transplantation, the recipient developed right lower abdominal pain, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination showed a pseudoaneurysm at the artery anastomosis. Anti-infection and anti-rejection therapy had no obvious effect, and therefore next surgical exploration was performed. A size4.0 cm×3.5cm pseudoaneurysm was found intraoperatively at the graft renal artery anastomosis.After graft was evaluated as having no preservation value, the transplanted kidney and pseudoaneurysm were resected. Bacterial culture indicated n Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.The recipient recovered well and waited for next transplantation.n Conclusions:Pseudoaneurysm of transplanted kidney is a very rare complication after renal transplantation, and caused by infection of n Pseudomonas aeruginosa is more rarer, It has not been reported in mainland China.This type of recipient has the characteristics of high graft inactivation rate and high mortality rate. Timely surgical resection can effectively prevent the deterioration of disease.n