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为研究齐齐哈尔市潜水水化学成分尤其是硝酸盐氮等无机污染组分的时空演化规律,以区域地下水流场特征和不同时期潜水样品采集测试数据为基础,利用PhreeQC水文地球化学模拟软件建立3组反应路径模型,通过饱和指数计算和质量平衡模拟方法进行水化学时空演化规律分析。模拟结果表明PathA、C所处的河谷平原区相对PathB所在的冲积平原区而言,在潜水水化学类型、矿物溶解沉淀性的时空变化幅度较大,水中常规组分及污染组分NH4+(N3-)、NO3-(N5+)、NO2-(N3+)参与反应的能力比较活跃,“三氮”污染更为严重;水岩环境中铝硅酸盐矿物和石英逐渐趋于溶解,碳酸盐矿物始终处于饱和状态。研究认为,溶滤作用、阳离子交换吸附作用、浓缩作用及人类活动,导致潜水中Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-、SO42-、“三氮”等含量和组成上的时空变化,是引起水化学类型和水岩环境矿物组成发生改变的主要原因。
In order to study the temporal and spatial evolution of inorganic pollution components in submerged water of Qiqihar City, especially nitrate nitrogen, based on the characteristics of regional groundwater flow field and the collected data of submerged samples in different periods, three groups of PhreeQC hydrogeochemical simulation software were established The reaction path model is analyzed by the saturation index and the mass balance simulation method. The simulation results show that in the alluvial plain where PathA and C are located, compared with the PathB alluviation plain where PathB is located, the spatiotemporal variation of the chemical composition and mineral dissolution of the submerged aquifer is larger. The contents of NH4 + (N3 -), NO3- (N5 +), NO2- (N3 +) are more active in the reaction, and the pollution of the “three nitrogen” is more serious. The aluminosilicate minerals and quartz gradually dissolve in the water-rock environment, Salt minerals are always in saturation. The results show that the leaching process of Ca2 +, Mg2 +, Cl-, SO42-, “N3” and other components and composition of the time and space changes, is caused by the dissolution of water, cation exchange adsorption, concentration and human activities, Type and water rock environment, the main reason for the change in mineral composition.