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基于2007至2012年中国省级相关数据,利用集中度指数方法,分解收入对食品支出不平等的影响效应。研究发现,目前我国存在较严重的食品支出不平等,且有加剧趋势;收入平均值和收入差距对食品支出不平等有强化效应,而边际消费倾向、收入弹性、食品支出常量则为削弱效应。其政策含义是短期内政府可通过食品补贴等手段缓解低收入人群食品支出不足的状况;而长期内应谋求缩小收入差距的持续收入增长方案,完善社会保障制度,以缓解食品支出不平等。
Based on provincial-level data from 2007 to 2012, we use the concentration index method to decompose the effect of income on the inequality of food expenditures. The research shows that there is more serious inequality in food expenditure in our country at present, and there is a trend of aggravating. The income inequality and income disparity have a reinforcing effect on the inequality of food expenditures, while the marginal propensity to consume, income elasticity and food expenditure constrain weakened effects. Its policy meaning is that in the short term, the government can alleviate the low-income population food expenditure by food subsidies and other means; and in the long term should seek to narrow the income gap continued income growth programs, improve the social security system to ease food expenditure inequality.