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受断层影响,在断层上盘开挖与下盘开挖时具有不同的岩移机理。采用理论和数值分析的方法分别对陡倾断层上下盘开挖这两种工程状态下的岩移机制进行了研究,结果表明:当陡倾断层位于开挖引起的岩体变形的拉张区时,不论是在断层上盘开挖还是下盘开挖,都会使垂直断层面产生附加张应力,使其抗剪强度减小,在自重体积力作用下总会表现出具有正断层方式的错动,在地表以断层陡坎或台阶状的地貌形态出现,向下到断层“活化”——错动段的下限,错距逐渐减少到零。
Affected by the fault, there is a different mechanism of rock movement during the excavation of the upper fault and the excavation of the lower slope. The mechanism of rock movement under the two engineering conditions of the upper and lower plate of the steeply dipping fault is studied respectively by theoretical and numerical methods. The results show that when the steep dip fault is located in the tension zone where the rock mass is deformed due to excavation , No matter whether the excavation on the upper plate or the lower plate is excavation, additional tensile stress will be generated on the vertical fault so as to reduce its shear strength. Under the action of self-supporting body mass force, the normal fault will always show the fault , It appears in the form of landform with steep ridge or step shape on the surface, down to the lower limit of fault “activation ” - staggering section, and the error distance gradually decreases to zero.