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科研腐败是指科研人员在科研活动中用非正当手段套取科研经费的行为,具有资金来源“公有化”、主体资格精英化以及表现方式多样化的特点。科研合同是国家相关部门与科研人员签订的特殊行政合同,科研腐败行为实质上是科研人员违反行政合同规定的义务,违规使用科研经费的行为,应该承担民事违约责任和行政违法责任。由于我国科研合同行政违法责任机制不完善,致使科研人员行政责任虚化;在行政法一时难以完善的情况下,可以运用《刑法修正案(九)》中贪污罪“数额+情节”的弹性定罪量刑标准对少数严重科研腐败行为进行评价及处理。最终还应根据“犯罪场”理论,从完善科研经费监督管理机制入手,对科研腐败进行科学治理和有效预防,营造科研领域的廉洁之风。
Corruption of scientific research refers to the behavior of scientific research personnel in using scientific research activities to collect scientific research funds by improper means, and has the characteristics of capital source “public ownership ”, elite eligibility and diversified performance styles. Scientific research contracts are special administrative contracts signed by relevant state departments and scientific research personnel. Corruption in scientific research is essentially the act of scientific researchers violating the obligations stipulated in the administrative contract and violating the scientific research funding. They should assume the responsibility of civil breach of contract and administrative violation. Due to the imperfect system of responsibility for administrative violations of scientific research contracts in our country, the administrative responsibility of scientific researchers is diminished. Under the circumstance that administrative law can not be perfected in a short time, the Criminal Law Amendment (9) “ Flexible conviction sentencing standards for a small number of serious scientific research evaluation and handling of corruption. In the end, we should also start with the improvement of the supervision and management mechanism for scientific research funds in accordance with the theory of ”crime field", carry out scientific management and effective prevention of scientific research corruption and create a clean style in the field of scientific research.