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目的：探讨肾小球细胞凋亡与增殖在肾小球肾炎中的表现。方法：将非增生性肾炎８例、增生性肾炎１２例及伴肾小球硬化的增生性肾炎８例病人的肾活检标本，采用原位末端标记方法并结合光镜形态学检查检测凋亡细胞，用免疫组化方法检测增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）阳性的增殖细胞。结果：非增生性肾炎肾小球细胞增殖数与凋亡细胞数均显著低于增生性肾炎（Ｐ＜０．０１）；增生性肾炎肾小球凋亡细胞数显著低于伴肾小球硬化的增生性肾炎（Ｐ＜０．０５）；伴肾小球硬化的增生性肾炎肾小球增殖细胞数低于凋亡细胞数，但差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：增生性肾炎细胞凋亡与增殖均比非增生性肾炎活跃；细胞凋亡参与了肾小球硬化过程中的进行性肾小球细胞缺失过程。
Objective: To investigate the expression of glomerular cell apoptosis and proliferation in glomerulonephritis. Methods: The renal biopsy specimens of 8 cases of non-proliferative glomerulonephritis, 12 cases of proliferative glomerulonephritis and 8 cases of proliferative glomerulonephritis with glomerulosclerosis were detected by in situ end-labeling and morphological examination by light microscopy , Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) positive proliferating cells were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: The number of glomerular cells and the number of apoptotic cells in non - proliferative glomerulonephritis group were significantly lower than those in proliferative glomerulonephritis group (P <0.01). The number of glomerular apoptotic cells in proliferative glomerulonephritis group was significantly lower than that in glomerulosclerosis group (P <0.05). The number of proliferating glomerular cells in proliferative glomerulonephritis with glomerulosclerosis was lower than that of apoptotic glial cells (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION: Proliferative glomerulonephritis is more active than non-proliferative glomerulonephritis in apoptosis and proliferation. Apoptosis is involved in progressive glomerular cell loss during glomerulosclerosis.