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目的了解2012年河南省境内市售生制速冻面米制品中金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门菌的污染状况。方法金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门菌检测及血清分型参照2012年《国家食品安全风险监测工作手册》,金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素的测定参照mini-VIDAS试剂使用说明。结果 344份速冻面米制品中检出金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门菌共计55株,总检出率为15.99%,其中金黄色葡萄球菌49株(14.24%),沙门菌6株(1.74%)。金黄色葡萄球菌计数结果为0.2~110 cfu/g。49株金黄色葡萄球菌中22株金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素阳性,阳性率为44.90%。6株沙门菌血清分型分属4个血清型:肠炎沙门菌、阿贡纳沙门菌、印第安纳沙门菌、德尔卑沙门菌。6株沙门菌对头孢唑啉、头孢替坦、阿米卡星、庆大霉素、妥布霉素均耐药,3株沙门菌对氨苄青霉素/舒巴坦、头孢曲松、氨曲南、呋喃妥因和复方新诺明的耐药率均为33.33%,对环丙沙星和左氧氟沙星的耐药率均为16.67%。结论河南省市售生制速冻面米制品存在沙门菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的污染,其中沙门菌的检出率较低,但其安全风险较大;金黄色葡萄球菌虽未超标,但其检出率和肠毒素的阳性率均较高,应高度重视。
Objective To understand the pollution of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella in frozen rice products in 2012 in Henan Province. Methods Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella detection and serotyping with reference to the 2012 “National Food Safety Risk Monitoring Manual”, the determination of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin reference mini-VIDAS reagent instructions. Results A total of 55 strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella were detected in 344 frozen rice products with a total detection rate of 15.99%, including 49 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (14.24%) and 6 strains of Salmonella (1.74%). Staphylococcus aureus count results 0.2 ~ 110 cfu / g. Of the 49 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 22 Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins were positive, the positive rate was 44.90%. Six strains of Salmonella serotypes belong to four serotypes: Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Agonis, Indiana Salmonella, Salmonella delphi. Six strains of Salmonella were resistant to cefazolin, cefotetan, amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin. Three Salmonella strains were resistant to ampicillin / sulbactam, ceftriaxone, aztreonam , Nitrofurantoin and cotrimoxazole were both 33.33%, and the resistance rates to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were both 16.67%. CONCLUSIONS: There is a contamination of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus in the market-made instant frozen noodles in Henan Province. The detection rate of Salmonella is relatively low, but the safety risk is relatively high. Staphylococcus aureus is not over-standard, but its detection The positive rate of enterotoxin and the rate are high, should be highly valued.