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以大白菜(叶片绿色)和紫色小白菜(叶片紫色)为亲本进行杂交、回交和自交,研究大白菜叶片紫色的遗传规律。结果表明,大白菜和紫色小白菜杂交F1的叶片均为紫色,但其叶片色泽较亲本紫色小白菜浅。在F2群体中,叶片颜色分离比例接近3紫色:1绿色,BC1群体为1紫色:1绿色,而BC2群体叶片全部为紫色。χ2检测结果进一步证明:大白菜和紫色小白菜杂交后代叶片紫色对绿色受1对遗传基因控制,紫色对绿色为显性,决定叶片紫色的基因具有累加效应。
Chinese cabbage (leaf green) and purple Chinese cabbage (purple leaf) were crossed, backcrossed and selfed to study the genetic law of Chinese cabbage purple. The results showed that the F1 hybrids between Chinese cabbage and purple Chinese cabbage were all purple, but their leaf color was lighter than their parental purple cabbage. In the F2 population, the leaf color separation ratio is approximately 3 purple: 1 green, BC1 population 1 purple: 1 green, and BC2 population all purple. The results of χ2 test further proved that the purple to green color of the cross between Chinese cabbage and purple Chinese cabbage was controlled by one pair of genes and the purple was dominant to the green, which had the additive effect on the purple color of the leaf.