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目的分析小儿肺部感染主要病原菌及其耐药性。方法选取洛阳市妇女儿童医疗保健中心2013年2月—2016年2月收治的小儿肺部感染患儿1000例,收集患儿痰液,对病原菌微生物进行培养,实施药敏试验,观察肺部感染患儿的主要病原菌分布情况,分析其耐药性。结果革兰阴性菌占比高于革兰阳性菌、真菌(P<0.05)。肺炎克雷伯菌占比高于其他菌种占比(P<0.05)。肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌对青霉素抗生素(苯唑西林、阿莫西林、氨苄西林)均具有耐药性,对头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、环丙沙星、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、美罗培南存在一定耐药性,对万古霉素、诺氟杀星、亚胺培南无耐药性。结论肺炎克雷伯菌是引起小儿肺部感染的主要病原菌,其对多种抗生素均存在一定耐药性,对万古霉素等无耐药性,临床治疗小儿肺部感染要正确选择抗生素,提高用药安全性和有效性。
Objective To analyze the main pathogens and their drug resistance in children with pulmonary infection. Methods A total of 1000 cases of children with pulmonary infection were selected from Luoyang Women’s and Children’s Medical Center from February 2013 to February 2016. Sputum of children were collected and the pathogenic microorganisms were cultured. Drug susceptibility tests were performed to observe pulmonary infection The distribution of the main pathogens in children, analysis of its resistance. Results Gram-negative bacteria accounted for more than Gram-positive bacteria, fungi (P <0.05). The proportion of Klebsiella pneumoniae was higher than that of other strains (P <0.05). Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli were all resistant to penicillin antibiotics (oxacillin, amoxicillin and ampicillin), ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin , Cefoperazone / sulbactam, meropenem there is a certain resistance, vancomycin, norfloxacin, imipenem no resistance. Conclusions Klebsiella pneumoniae is the main pathogen causing pulmonary infection in children. It has some resistance to many antibiotics and has no resistance to vancomycin and so on. It is necessary to select antibiotics correctly in clinical treatment of children with pulmonary infection. Medication safety and effectiveness.