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催化降解因其高的反应速率和降解彻底性,在氯代有机物的削减中得到广泛应用.目前研究较多的催化剂为零价态和氧化态的碱金属和碱土金属、过渡金属及贵金属,包括单金属和双金属两种.这类催化剂表面活性位点多样,在氯代有机物的降解中显示出优异的活性.多氯联苯(Polychlorinated Biphenyls,简称PCBs)是一类有毒难降解的持久性有机污染物.本文阐述了不同价态的单金属和双金属催化剂催化降解PCBs的反应机理,并介绍了影响反应速率和产物选择性的因素.并对金属及其氧化物催化降解PCBs的应用现状做了评述,对该技术的发展进行展望.
Catalytic degradation is widely used in the reduction of chlorinated organic compounds due to its high reaction rate and thorough degradation.Most catalysts currently studied are the alkali and alkaline earth metals in the valency and oxidation states, transition metals and noble metals, including Monometallic and bimetallic .This kind of catalyst has a variety of surface active sites and shows excellent activity in the degradation of chlorinated organic compounds.Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) are a kind of persistently toxic and non-degradable Organic pollutants.This paper describes the reaction mechanism of different valences of monometallic and bimetallic catalysts for PCBs degradation, and introduces the factors that affect the reaction rate and product selectivity, and the current status of the application of catalytic degradation of PCBs with metal and its oxides Made a comment on the development of the technology outlook.