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迄今为止,世界范围内共发现了公元前5千纪至公元前2千纪早期的黄铜制品约40余件,分布在爱琴海、两河流域、波斯湾、伊朗、中亚和中国等地。将这些黄铜制品的检测结果及其冶炼工艺进行系统梳理和总结后,得出以下推论:(1)黄铜与砷铜一样,是人类最早使用的一种重要合金;(2)这些黄铜制品中,除少量制品仅含铜、锌元素外,大多数制品还不同程度地含有铅、锡、镍、铁、砷和银等元素中的一种或几种,且元素含量分布范围较广,这一现象与冶炼所用矿石和冶炼条件有紧密的联系;(3)史前黄铜应由铜锌共生矿或混合矿(铜氧化矿和锌氧化矿)冶炼获得,且最初采用的是固体还原工艺,经简单加工成型。共生矿或混合矿冶炼是人类早期认识与利用金属时获得合金的一种主要方式。
So far, the world has found a total of more than 40 pieces of brass products from the 5th century BC to the 2nd century BC, distributed in the Aegean Sea, the two rivers, the Persian Gulf, Iran, Central Asia and China . The results of these brass products and their smelting process systematically combed and concluded that the following conclusions: (1) Brass, like arsenic copper, is the earliest human use of an important alloy; (2) The brass Most products contain one or more of lead, tin, nickel, iron, arsenic and silver, except for a few products containing only copper and zinc. Most of the products contain a wide range of elemental contents , Which is closely related to the ore and smelting conditions used in smelting. (3) Prehistoric brass should be obtained by smelting copper-zinc symbiotic ore or mixed ore (copper oxide ore and zinc oxide ore), and the original use of solid reduction Process, the simple processing molding. Metallurgical ore or mixed ore smelting is a mankind early recognition and use of metal to obtain a major way alloy.