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航运业是一个既复杂而又专业性很强的行业,任何一个岸上或海上环节的疏忽都将导致事故,为此,国际社会通过了一系列的公约和规则,从船舶结构、航行设备、防污染、航行规则以及船员培训等方面对船舶及其操作加强管理,这些公约和现则为船舶及其操作提供了最低的国际标准.然而,海上事故特别是重大事故并未因此而大幅度减少,究其原因,多数是人为的因素所致.不适当的履约和松散的管理是导致人为失误的重要原因.本文试就履约的有关问题作些的探讨.
The shipping industry is a complex and highly specialized industry. Any negligence onshore or at sea will result in accidents. Therefore, the international community has adopted a series of conventions and rules ranging from shipbuilding, navigational equipment, defense Pollution and navigation rules as well as crew training and other aspects of the ship and its operation to strengthen the management of these conventions and now the ship and its operation to provide the lowest international standards.However, maritime accidents, especially major accidents have not significantly reduced, The reason is that most of them are caused by human factors.The improper performance and loose management are the important reasons leading to human error.This paper tries to discuss the related issues of performance.