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回顾经济学史上各种划时代的人性假设 ,构建出符合当前社会实践需要的经济学研究范式 ,对于提高人类经济行为的自觉性 ,促进社会经济的可持续发展 ,具有重要意义。亚当·斯密的“经济人”、后斯密时代的“管理人”以及马克思有关论述的“自由人”假设 ,是划分经济学研究范式历史变迁的标志 ,贯穿这三大人性假设的主线是“自由”原则 ,而经济学研究范式变迁的实质则是对不同“主体自由”的扬弃过程。我们应当以“知识人”假设 ,作为构建当代经济学研究范式的人性基础。
It is of great significance to review various epoch-making human nature hypotheses in the history of economics and to construct an economic research paradigm that meets the current needs of social practice in order to improve the consciousness of human economic activities and promote the sustainable social and economic development. The “economic man” of Adam Smith, the “manager” of the post-Smits era, and the “free man” hypothesis of Marx about discourse are the hallmarks of dividing the historical changes in the paradigm of economics research. The main line running through these three humanistic assumptions is The principle of “freedom”, and the essence of the change of paradigm of economics research is the sublation of different “subject freedoms”. We should use the assumption of “intellectual man” as the human foundation for constructing the research paradigm of contemporary economics.