目的探讨在新生儿病区开设母婴同室住院模式的优劣与意义。方法选择北京新世纪儿童医院新生儿病区2012年3月至2013年5月收治的生命体征相对平稳的患儿,根据住院时家长意愿及床位情况分为母婴同室组和非母婴同室组,比较两组患儿医院感染发生率、母乳喂养情况、母亲产后1个月内抑郁评分以及患儿非医嘱出院率和出院后随访情况。结果 (1)医院感染发生率:母婴同室组2.3%(3/132),非母婴同室组1.4%(1/70),两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(2)母乳喂养情况:入院前两组患儿差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),入院后母婴同室组人工喂养率(8.3%,11/132)低于非母婴同室组(58.6%,41/70),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);(3)产后抑郁情况:母婴同室组母亲(选取40例)爱丁堡产后抑郁量表评分(4.6±3.0)分,非母婴同室组母亲(选取24例)(6.8±2.7)分,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);(4)非医嘱出院和出院后随访情况:母婴同室组疗程不足非医嘱出院率(4.5%,6/132)低于非母婴同室组(12.9%,9/70),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且出院后随访问题较少。结论病情允许前提下,新生儿病区提供母婴同室有益母婴身心健康,符合当今医疗服务发展方向。 Objective To explore the advantages and disadvantages of establishing maternal and infant hospitalization in neonatal ward. Methods The neonatal ward of Beijing New Century Children’s Hospital was selected from March 2012 to May 2013. The children with relatively stable vital signs were divided into the same-sex room group and non-single-room room group The incidence of nosocomial infection, breastfeeding status, depression score within 1 month after delivery and the discharge rate of non-doctor’s orders and post-discharge follow-up were compared between the two groups. Results (1) The incidence of nosocomial infection was 2.3% (3/132) in maternal and infants with same room and 1.4% (1/70) in non-maternal and infants with same room, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05) Breastfeeding situation: Before admission, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). After feeding, the rate of artificial feeding in the same room of females and infants was lower than that of non-mothers and infants (58.6%, 41/38) / 70) (P <0.01). (3) Postpartum depression: The scores of postpartum depression scale (4.6 ± 3.0) in mothers and infants with intercourse group (40 cases), non-mothers and infants in same room Mothers (24 cases) (6.8 ± 2.7), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.01); (4) Follow-up after discharged and discharged from non-doctor’s office: %, 6/132) were lower than those in non-mothers and infants (12.9%, 9/70), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The condition of the premise allows the neonatal ward to provide maternal and infant room for mothers and infants to be physically and mentally healthy, in line with the direction of development of medical services today.