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益智为中国著名南药,其野生资源日渐枯竭,已成为濒危药用植物,致使其种质资源多样性和保护研究显得尤为重要。本综述简要阐述了RAPD、AFLP、SSR和ISSR等4种基于PCR技术的分子标记的基本原理及其优缺点,并总结这些标记技术在南药益智药材鉴定、居群间的亲缘关系、遗传多样性等研究中的应用现状。最后,提出分子标记技术在南药益智研究中存在的主要问题,并对今后研究方向和前景进行展望。
Puzzle is a famous Chinese medicine in South China. Its wild resources are depleted and become an endangered medicinal plant, making it very important to study the diversity and protection of germplasm resources. This review summarizes the basic principles and their advantages and disadvantages of four molecular markers based on PCR, including RAPD, AFLP, SSR and ISSR, and summarizes the application of these markers in the identification of the Southern medicine Yizhi medicinal herbs, the genetic relationship among populations, Diversity and other research applications in the status quo. Finally, the main problems of molecular marker technology in the research of South Medicine puzzle are put forward, and the future research direction and prospects are prospected.