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采用熔融共混-母粒稀释技术,辅以高效动态混合器制备了炭黑含量为2.2%与3.3%的两种聚丙烯/炭黑薄膜。基于扫描电镜(SEM)与光学显微镜(OM)图像,首次利用Image J图像分析软件定量表征了炭黑在薄膜中的分散与分布。SEM分析结果表明,炭黑含量为2.2%的膜中粒子的平均面积为0.220μm2,且面积严格服从指数分布;OM分析结果表明,当炭黑含量为3.3%时,膜中出现了少量团聚体。经计算,制备的两种薄膜中粒子分散指数(D)分别为0.75和0.5,表明高炭黑含量不利于粒子分散。此外,OM图片显示低炭黑含量膜中的粒子平均面积(0.209μm2)略小于高炭黑含量膜(0.220μm2),且面积分布呈极大的相似性,均严格服从指数分布。Image J图像分析软件可将SEM与OM图像所携带的定性信息转化为定量信息,并可结合分散指数综合表征炭黑在聚合物基体中的分散性。
Two kinds of polypropylene / carbon black films with carbon black content of 2.2% and 3.3% were prepared by melt blending - master batch dilution technology and high efficiency dynamic mixer. Based on the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope (OM) images, image J image analysis software was firstly used to quantitatively characterize the dispersion and distribution of carbon black in the film. The results of SEM showed that the average area of the particles with carbon black content of 2.2% was 0.220μm2 and the area was strictly exponentially distributed. The results of OM analysis showed that when the carbon black content was 3.3%, a small amount of aggregates . The calculated particle dispersion index (D) for the two films was calculated to be 0.75 and 0.5, respectively, indicating that the high carbon black content is not conducive to particle dispersion. In addition, the OM images show that the average particle area (0.209μm2) in the low carbon black content film is slightly smaller than that of the high carbon black content film (0.220μm2), and the area distributions are highly similar, both of which strictly follow the exponential distribution. Image J image analysis software transforms the qualitative information carried by SEM and OM images into quantitative information and can be used in combination with the dispersion index to characterize the dispersibility of carbon black in a polymer matrix.