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美国现代派诗人埃兹拉·庞德一生推崇中国文化和儒家思想,除了在诗歌中大量引用中国典故,还翻译了《大学》、《中庸》、《论语》、《诗经》等儒学经典。庞德晚年被拘押在华盛顿圣伊丽莎白精神病医院期间同哈佛学者方志彤有频繁的书信往来,分析这些史料可以追溯庞德和方志彤之间围绕儒家经典翻译的探讨和争论,进而驳斥西方学者所谓18、19世纪汉学家的译著为庞德儒家经典翻译唯一依据的观点。庞德晚年的儒学翻译有诸多突破:一是突破了对个人和社会责任的关注;二是突破了“四书”的限制;三是突破了重汉语字形、轻汉语语音的成见。庞德能有这些突破,方志彤功不可没。史料证明,方志彤对庞德后期儒家典籍翻译的帮助和影响超过了半个世纪来学界的估计。
Ezra Pound, an American modernist poet, admired Chinese culture and Confucianism throughout his life. Besides quoting a large number of Chinese allusions in his poems, he also translated Confucian classics like The University, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects, and The Book of Songs. Ezra Pound’s frequent correspondence with Harvard scholar Fang Zhitong during his elder years in custody at St. Elisabeth Psychiatric Hospital in Washington analyzed that these historical materials can be traced back to the discussion and controversy surrounding Confucian classics translation between Pound and Fang Zhitong, The nineteenth-century Sinologist’s translation is the only basis for Pound’s Confucian classics translation. There are many breakthroughs in Pound’s translation of Confucianism in his late years: one is breaking through the concern for personal and social responsibility; the other is breaking the restriction of “Four Books”; the third is breaking the prejudice of emphasizing Chinese glyph and light Chinese pronunciation. Pound can have these breakthroughs, Fang Zhitong contributed. Historical data proves that Fang Zhitong helped the late Pound Pound translation of Confucian classics more than half a century’s estimate.