科学知识是个体生存于世必须具备的,但其既不靠遗传而来,也不是后天耳濡目染就能成就的,它依赖的是个体主动的探究和学习,是依靠努力而获得的。所以,科学探究和学习是学习科学知识、技能和方法的根本方式。但小学生由于年龄和经验受限,他们没有足够的后天经验来支撑他们的学习,科学探究必须依靠教师的组织和控制来实施,而其中最为关键的又是如何选取合乎小学生学习特征和心理特点的科学探究主题,这关乎到学生学习科学的动机和成就问题,是小学生学习和探究科学知识的先导。因此,笔 Scientific knowledge, which must be available to an individual to survive, can not be inherited nor learned from the day after tomorrow. It relies on active exploration and study by individuals and relies on hard work. Therefore, scientific inquiry and learning are the fundamental ways to learn scientific knowledge, skills and methods. However, because of their limited age and experience, pupils do not have sufficient acquired experience to support their learning. Scientific inquiry must be implemented through the organization and control of teachers. The most crucial factor is how to choose suitable learning and psychological characteristics for pupils The theme of scientific inquiry, which is related to students ’motivation and achievement of learning science, is a precursor to pupils’ learning and exploring scientific knowledge. So, pen