目的　主要通过对球形肺炎CT征象的回顾性研究 ,探讨其误诊的原因 ,以便与其他球形病灶 ,特别是肺癌做出正确的诊断与鉴别诊断。方法　收集 48例经手术及临床证实的球形肺炎病人的CT与X线资料 ,并进行回顾性分析。结果　 48例病例中首诊为球形肺炎者 18例 ,首诊为结核瘤者 4例 ,首诊为肺癌者 2 6例 ;2 9例施行手术 ,术后病理全部为炎性病变。结论　CT对球形肺炎的首诊误诊率较高 ,为 6 2 5 % (30 / 48)但对其诊断、随访及与肺癌的鉴别诊断仍有很大帮助。 The purpose of the main spherical pneumonia by CT signs of retrospective study to explore the causes of misdiagnosis in order to make the same with other spherical lesions, especially lung cancer to make the correct diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Methods CT and X-ray data of 48 patients with spherical pneumonia confirmed by surgery and clinic were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results Among the 48 cases, 18 cases were first diagnosed as spherical pneumonia, 4 cases were diagnosed as tuberculosis first, and 26 cases were diagnosed as primary lung cancer. Twenty-nine patients underwent surgery and the pathological changes were all inflammatory. Conclusions The first misdiagnosis rate of CT in patients with spherical pneumonia is 62.5% (30/48), but its diagnosis, follow-up and differential diagnosis with lung cancer are still very helpful.