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以农林废弃物——烟杆的炭化料为原料,采用微波加热氢氧化钾活化法制备了高比表面积活性炭。研究了微波加热时间和碱炭比对活性炭的得率和吸附性能的影响,得到了优化工艺条件,即当微波功率为700 W,加热时间为30min,碱炭比为4∶1,所制备的活性炭碘吸附值为2 239.1 mg/g,亚甲基蓝吸附值为652.5 mg/g,得率为25.48%,产品的吸附性能超过了双电层电容器专用活性炭(LY/T 1617-2004)标准的要求,同常规加热相比,加热时间缩短了87.5%。同时测定了优化工艺条件下制备活性炭的氮气吸附等温线,通过BET法计算了活性炭的比表面积,并通过非定域化密度函数理论表征了活性炭的孔结构。该高比表面积活性炭微、中孔发达,比表面积可达3 406 m2/g,总孔体积为2.157mL/g。
The agricultural and forestry waste - tobacco rod carbonized material as raw material, using microwave heating potassium hydroxide activated prepared high surface area activated carbon. The effects of microwave heating time and alkali-carbon ratio on the yield and adsorption capacity of activated carbon were investigated. The optimal process conditions were obtained. When the microwave power was 700 W, the heating time was 30 min, the ratio of alkaline to carbon was 4:1, Activated carbon iodine adsorption value of 2 239.1 mg / g, methylene blue adsorption value of 652.5 mg / g, the yield was 25.48%, the adsorption performance of the product exceeds the requirements of the electric double layer capacitor activated carbon (LY / T 1617-2004) Compared with the conventional heating, the heating time is shortened by 87.5%. The nitrogen adsorption isotherms for the preparation of activated carbon were also determined. The BET specific surface area of the activated carbon was calculated by BET method. The pore structure of the activated carbon was characterized by the non-localized density function theory. The high surface area activated carbon micro, well developed, the specific surface area up to 3 406 m2 / g, the total pore volume of 2.157 mL / g.