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半导体量子点具有宽的激发光谱、窄而对称的发射光谱、高的量子产率以及良好的光稳定性,因而受到物理、化学、材料科学、生命科学等多个领域研究者的广泛关注.与有机相合成法相比,量子点的水相合成方法简单,合成后不需要将量子点进行相转移,是有机相合成的重要补充,已经成为半导体量子点的重要合成方法之一.本文介绍了量子点常用的一些水相合成方法,如溶胶法、水热法、微波辅助法及微生物合成法.在此基础上,阐述了量子点在细胞成像分析及活体成像分析中的应用,并对基于量子点的磁性荧光双功能纳米材料在成像分析中的应用及量子点生物毒理效应研究进行了简要的评述.
Semiconductor quantum dots with wide excitation spectra, narrow and symmetric emission spectra, high quantum yield and good light stability have attracted a great deal of attention from researchers in physics, chemistry, materials science and life sciences. Compared with the organic phase synthesis method, the synthesis method of the aqueous phase of the quantum dots is simple and does not require the phase transfer of the quantum dots after synthesis, which is an important complement to the organic phase synthesis and has become an important synthesis method of semiconductor quantum dots. Some commonly used water phase synthesis methods, such as sol method, hydrothermal method, microwave assisted method and microbial synthesis method.On the basis of this, the application of quantum dots in cell imaging analysis and in vivo imaging analysis is described, Point magnetic fluorescent dual-functional nanomaterials in imaging analysis and quantum dot bio-toxicological effects were briefly reviewed.