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2005年,卡特里娜飓风登陆美国,尽管美国政府做出了应急响应,但飓风仍带来了毁灭性结果。卡特里娜飓风不仅暴露了政府间协作能力及响应机制的不足,还显露了社会医疗脆弱的部分。卡特里娜飓风引发了美国政府的深思,面对救援人力需求激增,建立有效的医疗应急反应管理迫在眉睫,从而提出医疗需求激增中人力管理(medical surge capability)的概念,
In 2005, hurricane Katrina landed in the United States. Despite the emergency response from the U.S. government, the hurricane still brought devastating results. Hurricane Katrina not only exposed the weaknesses of intergovernmental cooperation and response mechanisms, but also revealed the vulnerable parts of society. The Hurricane Katrina triggered the thinking of the U.S. government. In the face of the surge of rescue manpower requirements and the establishment of an effective medical emergency response management system, the concept of medical surge capability in the surge of medical demand is put forward.