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燕麦属(Avena L.)植物中有5个栽培种即普通栽培燕麦(A.sativa L.)、埃塞俄比亚燕麦(A.abyssinica Hochst.)、地中海燕麦(A.byzantina Koch)、砂燕麦(A.strigosa Schreb.)和大粒裸燕麦又称莜麦(A.nuda L.),其中大粒裸燕麦的子粒不带稃皮为裸燕麦,其他物种均带稃皮为皮燕麦。国际上主要种植皮燕麦,而我国主要种植大粒裸燕麦,由此不难看出,大粒裸燕麦在世界燕麦中占有特殊的地位。然而,关于大粒裸燕麦的起源和分类地位问题,迄今学者们的意见仍不尽相同。本文通过参阅有关文献和研究实践,对这两个问题进行探讨,认为大粒裸燕麦起源于我国山西和内蒙古一带,在植物学分类上应为一个独立的物种即A.nuda L.。
Five cultivars of Avena L. are A. sativa L., A. abyssinica Hochst., A. byzantina Koch, A. strigosa Schreb.) and large-sized naked oats, also known as A. nuda L. Among them, the grains of large-sized naked oats have naked oats with no oyster and the other species have oats with oysters. The main cultivation of oats in the world, and our main planted large-scale naked oats, it is not difficult to see that large-scale naked oats in the world occupy a special position oats. However, the opinions of scholars so far on the origin and classification status of large-grained naked oats have not been the same. In this paper, by referring to the relevant literature and research practice, these two issues are discussed. It is believed that large-scale naked oats originated from Shanxi and Inner Mongolia in China and should be regarded as an independent species in botanic classification, A.nuda L.