始基卵泡是哺乳动物整个生殖期限中各级卵泡及卵子发育的源头。始基卵泡的激活既需要卵母细胞内如PI3K-PTEN-AKT-FOXO3、mTORC1及p27Kip1-CDK体系等信号通路的正常激活,也需要一些卵母细胞特异性的分子如Nobox和Sohlh1等的参与,除此之外,始基卵泡周围的前颗粒细胞也发挥巨大作用,其首先在m TORC1等信号通路的调节下分化为立方形颗粒细胞,改变自身形态,启动始基卵泡活化,其次可通过分泌KITL与卵细胞表面KIT结合后激活调节卵细胞生长的关键通路——PI3K信号通路,最终导致卵母细胞生长及始基卵泡的正常激活。了解始基卵泡活化过程有助于阐明卵子发生的分子机制,为女性不孕提供新的治疗靶点。 Primitive follicles are the source of development of follicles and ovum at all levels of mammals throughout the reproductive period. Activation of primordial follicles not only requires normal activation of oocyte signaling pathways such as PI3K-PTEN-AKT-FOXO3, mTORC1 and p27Kip1-CDK, but also requires the participation of some oocyte-specific molecules such as Nobox and Sohlh1 , In addition, pre-primordial follicles around the pre-granulocytes also play a huge role, first of its kind in the mTORC1 and other signal pathway regulation of differentiation into cubic granulosa cells, change their shape, start primordial follicle activation, followed by Secretion of KITL and the combination of egg cell surface KIT activate the key pathway regulating oocyte growth - PI3K signaling pathway, eventually leading to oocyte growth and normal primordial follicle activation. To understand the process of primordial follicle activation helps elucidate the molecular mechanism of egg occurrence and provide a new therapeutic target for female infertility.