1945年日本投降后，中国从构筑长远的中日关系的角度出发，提出不图报复，以德报怨的对日方针，这与以美、英、中三国名义发表的敦促日本投降的《波茨坦公告》精神一脉相承，日本侨民的遣送政策以此为基调。本文以战后遣送上海日本侨民为中心，探究中国国民政府实施的对日俘、日侨遣送政策的实相及其影响。 After Japan surrendered in 1945, from the perspective of building a long-term Sino-Japanese relations, China proposed the principle of opposing Japan and rebelling against evil in accordance with the spirit of the “Potsdam Proclamation” urging Japan to surrender in the name of the United States, Britain and China The same strain, the Japanese immigrants deport policy as the tone. This paper focuses on the repatriation of Shanghai and Japanese diasporas after the war to explore the reality of the deportation of Japanese prisoners and Japanese overseas Chinese and their influence by the Chinese government.