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目的研究1,3-丁二烯(1,3-Butadiene,BD)生产车间作业工人职业接触水平及其对健康的影响。方法现场调查BD车间生产工艺与作业工人工作流程,结合受试对象一般健康与生活习惯背景资料,选择BD接触组(74人)与对照组(157人),确定空气监测采样点,测定BD含量,并且对受试对象进行职业健康检查。结果BD接触组工作地点空气中BD浓度为(20.79±34.95)mg/m~3,而对照组工作地点均低于仪器检测下限(<0.5 mg/m~3);在涉及神经系统、呼吸系统以及生殖系统的主诉症状方面,BD接触组明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);BD接触组血红蛋白含量(121.38±21.74)g/L明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);BD接触组的心电图异常比例明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),主要表现为T波低平。结论BD对职业接触人群具有一定的毒性作用,可能在人体内存在多种靶器官和组织。
Objective To study the occupational exposure of workers in 1,3-Butadiene (BD) workshop and their health effects. Methods The production process of BD workshop and workflow of workers were investigated on the spot. According to the general health and lifestyle information of subjects, BD contact group (74 persons) and control group (157 persons) were selected to determine sampling points of air monitoring and BD content , And the subjects for occupational health checks. Results The BD concentration in the air of BD exposure group was (20.79 ± 34.95) mg / m ~ 3, while that in control group was lower than the lower limit of detection (<0.5 mg / m ~ 3). In the areas involving the nervous system, respiratory system (P <0.05). The content of hemoglobin in BD exposure group (121.38 ± 21.74) g / L was significantly lower than that in control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The proportion of electrocardiogram abnormalities in BD exposure group was significantly higher than that in control group (P <0.05). The main manifestations were T wave depression. Conclusion BD has some toxic effects on occupationally exposed people and may have multiple target organs and tissues in the human body.