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目的了解北京市某区石材加工行业粉尘作业工人基本职业卫生知识,评价开展健康教育的干预效果。方法①通过预调查,选择北京市某区石材加工行业聚集地区接触粉尘作业人员300人,通过职业卫生知识基线调查,将参加问卷调查的人员随机分为A、B两组。②每2个月对A组人员集中开展1次系列粉尘职业危害及案例讲座,观看1次职业病防治科教专题片;B组作为对照组。持续进行1年后,A、B两组再次填写统一问卷,检验干预效果。结果干预后,A、B两组工人对粉尘危害基本知晓情况和自我保护行为改善情况的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论①在石材加工行业,粉尘作业人员对粉尘危害知识有一定的知晓率,综合干预可以增加粉尘作业人员粉尘危害知识的知晓率,提高自我保护行为的形成率;②在石材加工行业,开展职业卫生健康教育是有效的,在今后的工作中,应开展简单易接受的健康教育活动。
Objective To understand the basic occupational health knowledge of dust workers in a stone processing industry in a certain area of Beijing and evaluate the intervention effect of health education. Methods ① Through pre-investigation, we selected 300 contact dust workers in the aggregate area of stone processing industry in a certain area of Beijing. According to the baseline survey of knowledge of occupational health, those who participated in the questionnaire were randomly divided into A and B groups. ② every 2 months to focus on a group of personnel to carry out a series of occupational hazards of dust and case lectures, to watch 1 occupational disease prevention and treatment science feature film; B group as a control group. After one year of continuous operation, A and B groups again filled in a unified questionnaire to test the effect of the intervention. Results After intervention, the difference between the basic knowledge of dust hazard and the improvement of self-protection behavior of workers in groups A and B were statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion ① In the stone processing industry, the dust operators have a certain awareness of dust hazard knowledge, and the comprehensive intervention can increase the awareness rate of the dust hazard knowledge of dust workers and improve the formation rate of self-protection behaviors. ② In the stone processing industry, Health education is effective and health education should be simple and acceptable in future work.