公元前16世纪至公元前11世纪的商代,是我国奴隶制王朝的巩固和发展时期。商朝的甲骨文是一种成熟了的文字,用来记录商王的活动和祭祀等重要事件,我国有文字可考的历史便是从商朝开始的。甲骨文的辨识,使我国古代典籍中关于商代设官分职制度的记载资料,比夏代更丰富。(一)商代政府机构的设置商代的国家机构是在夏代的基础上发展起来的。在中央,商王以下设“六府”。《礼记》说,商“天子之六府,曰:司土、司木、司水、司草、司器、司货,典司六职”。主要是掌管全国的土地、森林、水利、粮草、工艺、钱币等赋税的征收与库藏的机关,近似于后世的中央财政、农林、工商、金融等部门。在我国奴隶制时代,往往一种官职的名称也是一个机构或部 The Shang Dynasty from the 16th century BC to the 11th century BC was the period of consolidation and development of slavery dynasty in our country. Shang dynasty oracle bone is a mature text, used to record Shang Wang activities and sacrifices and other important events, our country has the text to test the history is from Shang dynasty. Oracle’s identification, so that our ancient classics on the official system of demobilization system records, richer than the Xia Dynasty. (A) the establishment of government agencies in Shang Dynasty Shang Dynasty’s national institutions developed on the basis of the Xia Dynasty. In the central government, Wang set up the following six government. “Book of Rites,” said the business “emperor of the six House, said: Secretary soil, Secretary Mu, Secretary water, Secretary grass, the Secretary, the Secretary for goods, Code Division VI.” Mainly in charge of the country’s land, forests, water conservancy, forage, technology, coins and other tax collection and collection agencies, similar to future generations of the central finance, agriculture, forestry, industry and commerce, finance and other departments. In the era of slavery in our country, often the name of a government office is also an institution or ministry