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在材料试验中,热电偶是测量温度所常用的有源温度敏感元件。它由一端焊在一起的两种不同性质的导体或半导体丝构成,测量温度主要靠热冷两端温度差与相应热电势之间的关系。当焊接点(测量点)的温度升高时,热电偶的引出线端(冷端比较点)便产生一个热电动势。如果确定测量点和比较点之间的温差,该热电动势(在理想的外界条件下)即与所用材质的类型有关。并且,从实验可知,在一定温度范围内,对于一定温度点有一确定热电动势。热电动势E
In material testing, thermocouples are active temperature-sensitive components commonly used to measure temperature. It consists of two ends of the welding of two different nature of the conductor or semiconductor wire composition, the main measurement temperature depends on the temperature difference between the two ends and the corresponding thermoelectric power relationship. As the temperature of the solder joint (measuring point) increases, the thermocouple’s lead (cold junction) generates a thermoelectromotive force. If you determine the temperature difference between the measuring point and the comparison point, the thermoelectromotive force (under ideal external conditions) depends on the type of material used. And, from the experiment we can see that in a certain temperature range, for a certain temperature there is a definite thermoelectromotive force. Thermal emf E