糖皮质激素是多种儿科疾病的重要治疗药物，其对骨骼系统的不良反应主要表现在三方面：骨质疏松、股骨头坏死和生长障碍。其中糖皮质激素所致的生长障碍导致终身高降低，是儿童患者治疗中需格外关注的问题。糖皮质激素引起生长障碍的机制复杂，且目前没有安全有效的治疗方法。本文总结了有关糖皮质激素抑制纵向骨生长的机制，并对近年来发现的潜在治疗靶点进行综述。“,”Glucocorticoid is an important treatment for many pediatric diseases and it often leads to osteoporosis, osteonecrosis of the femoral head, and growth retardation. Among them, glucocorticoid-induced growth retardation has been a particular focus in the treatment of children patients, which leads to a decrease in final height. The mechanism of glucocorticoid-induced growth retardation is complex, and there is no safe and effective treatment.This article summarized the mechanisms underlying glucocorticoid-inhibited longitudinal bone growth and reviewed the potential therapeutic targets discovered in recent years.